So / Such
Énfasis con so y such: expresar intensidad o grado elevado
En español podemos expresar énfasis con 'tan' y 'tanto/a/os/as', y el inglés usa 'so' y 'such' para los mismos propósitos. La confusión surge porque ambas palabras expresan grado o intensidad, pero se usan con estructuras gramaticales distintas que dependen de lo que modifican.
'So' modifica adjetivos solos o adverbios: 'so cold', 'so quickly', 'so beautiful'. Nunca precede directamente a un sustantivo. Este es el error más típico del hispanohablante: 'It was so a good movie' es incorrecto; lo correcto es 'It was such a good movie'.
'Such' modifica un sustantivo, acompañado o no de adjetivo. Con sustantivos contables en singular lleva artículo: 'such a good teacher'. Con plurales e incontables, no lleva artículo: 'such good teachers', 'such bad weather'. La presencia o ausencia del artículo 'a/an' es la clave diferenciadora.
Tanto 'so' como 'such' pueden ir seguidos de una cláusula de resultado con 'that' para expresar consecuencia: 'It was so cold that we stayed home.' / 'It was such cold weather that we cancelled the trip.' Esta construcción equivale al español 'tan... que' y 'tal... que'.
'So much' / 'so many' modifican sustantivos (no adjetivos): 'so much money', 'so many people'. No se puede decir 'such much money'. Para sustantivos, la alternativa 'such a lot of' es posible: 'such a lot of money', pero 'so much/many' es más natural en inglés cotidiano.
so + ADJETIVO → so cold / so tired / so beautiful so + ADVERBIO → so quickly / so well so much + incontable → so much work / so much time so many + contable plural → so many people / so many cars such + a/an + ADJ + SING → such a good teacher such + ADJ + PLURAL → such interesting books such + ADJ + INCONTABLE → such terrible weather RESULTADO: so + ADJ + that / such + (a) + N + that It was so hot that we went swimming. It was such a hot day that we went swimming.
Debugging lab
Corrige o completa la línea. 7 ejercicios por tema.
- 3.15.6.1
It was so a beautiful sunset that we took many photos.
- 3.15.6.2
She speaks English such well.
- 3.15.6.3
There were such many people at the concert.
- 3.15.6.4
He is such talented that everyone admires him.
- 3.15.6.5
They have so much problems that they don't know where to start.
- 3.15.6.6
It was such cold weather so we stayed inside all day.
- 3.15.6.7
I have so much homeworks to do tonight.
- 3.15.6.8
It was such a good movie that we watched it twice.
- 3.15.6.9
She is so a good teacher.
- 3.15.6.10
There were so much people at the party.
- 3.15.6.11
It was so cold that we stayed inside.